POV: This Thanksgiving, Think of the Turkeys (2024)

POV: This Thanksgiving, Think of the Turkeys (1)

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Voices & Opinion

Factory farm birds suffer greatly before they are slaughtered

November 24, 2020

5

  • Leticia Lee (GRS’22)

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Editor’s note: If you love turkey, and have no plans to consider alternatives for Thanksgiving, be warned that this opinion piece includes some graphic details about how turkeys are treated.

Every Thanksgiving, more than 45 million turkeys are killed to be eaten in the United States. Unlike the turkeys we see roaming around the Boston suburbs, almost all (99.8 percent) of the turkeys killed to be eaten spend their entire lives in factory farms, never getting to know their mothers or feel the warmth of a nest.

They spend their days in a desolate, dark, dirty shed with thousands of other turkeys. Turkeys can live to be 10 years old, but are slaughtered at 14 to 18 weeks, about 2 percent of their natural life span. In these cramped places, you might imagine that turkeys would become aggressive and injure each other. To prevent turkey attacks on one another, their beaks and toes are cut off without anesthesia prior to going into the sheds.

Turkeys are bred and genetically manipulated to grow as large as possible in the shortest amount of time. Their muscular growth is not supported by concurrent growth in their skeletal and cardiovascular systems. As a result, many turkeys suffer greatly from heart and skeletal diseases and it is common for them to die from organ failure or heart attacks. Some turkeys can’t even stand up, spending much of their short lives lying down in the fecal matter of thousands of other turkeys, where they can then contract lesions and blisters.

The process of going to the slaughterhouse is equally brutal. After months of being confined in the dark, the turkeys get one glimmer of sunlight, when they are forced from the dark shed to a dark truck, where they wait their ultimate fate: death.

No matter if they die while being transported, from hypothermia or heart failure due to stress, or at the slaughterhouse, where they are killed, they ultimately suffer horribly. The process of killing a turkey is not without suffering: some are first put in an electric water bath to stun them before their throats are slit, but this method is far from perfect. Many are not stunned and flail violently while the blade that is supposed to kill them misses their necks. This means that turkeys enter the next phase of slaughter, a scalding tank to loosen their feathers, alive.

It’s not just turkeys that suffer. Many slaughterhouse workers also have to endure unsafe conditions and the negative mental health impact of rapidly killing so many animals. This year, conditions at these slaughterhouses have been worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Not only do employees need to work on fast-moving production lines in a cold and damp environment, where the virus thrives, but it is also difficult to physically distance. Additionally, many slaughterhouse workers are financially unable to take time off to isolate and recover from the coronavirus, leading to large outbreaks.

This Thanksgiving, think of the turkeys. Think of the cruelty and suffering they endure.

Luckily, there have been great strides in plant-based products, and there are many delicious turkey substitutes, easily found in supermarkets. Brands such as Tofurky, Gardein, Field Roast, and Quorn all have holiday roasts that can fill the role of the traditional turkey, with far less cruelty.

This year, think of the turkeys—and choose a plant-based option.

Try these recipes to go along with your meal:

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There are 5 comments on POV: This Thanksgiving, Think of the Turkeys

  1. If you love turkeys, you might indeed want to read this nice POV essay and confront the ethical question of animal suffering and the question of labor conditions in industrial poultry farms (and slaughterhouses), especially during the pandemic. If you love eating turkeys, you can still demand more sustainable and ethical production models.

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  2. Thanks so much to Leticia for this seasonal reminder. And certainly, it’s not just the showy holiday feasts that we need to pay attention to, but our daily decisions to center meat in our daily fare. (This is something that my students and I discuss in my course on the global history of food, with students who are carnivores, vegans, vegetarians, and more, and come to the table, so to speak, with many different ideas and ideologies around food.)

    In non-pandemic years, Thanksgiving dinners provide good opportunities to showcase, to friends and family, the vast range of cuisines which transform vegetables, pulses, and grains into something transcendent. While we’re living in a golden age of plant-centered cookbooks, Bryant Terry’s beautiful book, Vegetable Kingdom: The Abundant World of Vegan Recipes (and his older Vegan Soul Kitchen and Afro-Vegan) has some great seasonal offerings.

    This year, I’m thankful for the growing chorus of voices thinking critically about the intersections between climate, the environment, and human culture. Thanks, Leticia!

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  3. No, domestic turkeys cannot live to 10.

    Wild turkeys can, but usually live to be 3-5. These monstrosities are lucky to live to a miserable 2, even with veterinary care.

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    1. Feral cats live on average about 2 years. In a sheltered environment cats live to 20. Turkeys live to 10 years in a setting where they are safe and have food/water. Killing turkeys at 14 weeks is brutal.

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  4. Wonderful and informative article! We, humans, need to start thinking of the point of view of the other creatures with whom we share this planet.

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POV: This Thanksgiving, Think of the Turkeys (2024)

FAQs

What does the turkey symbolize during Thanksgiving? ›

The bird was as symbolic as the holiday itself: a sign of a nation's great wealth and ability to provide for its citizens. That symbol has carried on to this day, according to Karen Davis, president of the organization United Poultry Concerns and author of a book on the tradition of Thanksgiving.

What is the importance of turkey on Thanksgiving? ›

Some historians say the early settlers were inspired by the queen's actions and roasted a turkey instead of a goose. The wild turkey is a native bird of North America. As a result, Benjamin Franklin claimed this made the turkey a more suitable national bird for the United States than the bald eagle.

Why should we not kill turkeys for Thanksgiving? ›

Turkeys undergo mental and physical suffering before they are slaughtered for human consumption. Due to their size they have trouble breathing and walking normally. Turkeys are not given enough room to roam and this contributes to their suffering.

Did the pilgrims eat turkey on the first Thanksgiving? ›

The main dish at the table of the first Thanksgiving was likely not one dish at all. While turkey may have been present (wild turkeys were common to the colonial area), no documentary evidence exists that turkey itself was served.

Why did they pick turkey for Thanksgiving? ›

Thanksgiving-type celebrations were common at the turn of the 19th century with many opting to put a turkey on the table instead of slaughtering a useful animal like a hen or cow that was producing other needed products, according to Britannica. Turkeys at the time, and still today, were raised to be meat birds.

What are 5 interesting facts about Thanksgiving? ›

Thanksgiving history facts
  • Thanksgiving dates back to 1621. ...
  • The first Thanksgiving feast was three days long. ...
  • Thanksgiving became a holiday in 1863. ...
  • For Native Americans, it's a day of quiet reflection and prayer. ...
  • 293.3 million people will eat turkey this Thanksgiving. ...
  • Thanksgiving football was initially a college tradition.
Nov 23, 2023

When did turkey become a tradition for Thanksgiving? ›

As Thanksgiving Day rose in popularity during the 1800s, so too did the turkey. By 1857, turkey had become part of the traditional dinner in New England. The domestic turkey eaten now is very different from the wild turkey known to the Pilgrims, Hamilton, and Franklin.

Why do we celebrate Thanksgiving? ›

According to the History Channel, the first Thanksgiving celebration is believed to have occurred in 1621. The story, historically told from the pilgrim's perspective, is that Plymouth colonists from England shared a meal with the indigenous Wampanoag people to give thanks for a successful fall harvest.

Why are Thanksgiving turkeys so big? ›

How turkeys got so big. Much of a turkey's rapid growth is in its breast, where the white meat comes from. Since the 1930s, American farmers have been cross-breeding turkeys to get bigger and bigger breasts.

What do Thanksgiving turkeys eat? ›

Depending on the plants species and time of year, turkeys will eat roots, bulbs, stems, buds, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. In search of protein, they move about the woods like a pack of velociraptors, thrashing up the leaf litter and eating anything that moves.

Is Thanksgiving turkey bad for you? ›

Turkey is healthy white meat overall, but all meats contain fat. One 3-ounce serving of turkey contains one gram of saturated fat. That's 6% of your recommended daily intake. To keep your fat intake from turkey at manageable levels, limit your portion size to the recommended single serving.

What do turkeys hate the most? ›

Noises and Other Disturbances

As a result of sharing space with hawks, raccoons and the occasional badger, turkeys have developed an instinctive avoidance of loud noises. You can take advantage of this aversion by making some kind of noisemaker that will be loud enough to spook the birds from across the lawn.

How many turkeys are killed every year for Thanksgiving? ›

An estimated 46 million turkeys are eaten each year as part of Thanksgiving meals, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. That's about 21% of the around 216.5 million turkeys produced in the U.S. each year.

What ritual from the turkey brings good luck Thanksgiving? ›

The wishbone is found attached to the breast meat in the turkey's chest. After the meat has been removed and the wishbone has had a chance to become dry and brittle, two people each take one end of the bone, make a wish, and pull. Whoever ends up with the larger part of the bone gets their wish!

Where did turkeys originate for Thanksgiving? ›

California's early settlers didn't have wild turkey as an option for their Thanksgiving feasts, since the birds were not native to the region. Wild turkeys were first introduced into California in 1877, by private ranchers on Santa Cruz Island for game hunting.

What is the purpose of eating turkey to become American? ›

The author aims to examine how the act of consuming turkey during Thanksgiving has become a symbol of American identity and a way for immigrants to assimilate into American culture.

What is the history of eating turkey? ›

Turkey meat has been eaten by indigenous peoples from Mexico, Central America, and the southern tier of the United States since antiquity. In the 15th century, Spanish conquistadores took Aztec turkeys back to Europe. Turkey was eaten in as early as the 16th century in England.

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