Buying animals for meat processing (2024)

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Having a variety of meat cuts on hand whenever you want them is a great convenience. And buying meat in bulk can help you save money over time if you and your family regularly eat meat.

Many people will go in on a larger quantity of meat with family and friends to lower and spread the cost. Buying a whole animal and dividing it by twoor more people is an economical way to go. But remember, there are only so many steaks, chops and roasts to go around. So make sure you know what you're getting.

There are several things to think about before you commit to buying a quarter, half, or whole animal for your freezer.

Finding a local farmer or processor

You can work directly with a local butcher and, often, with a local farmer to find an animal ready for processing.

Minnesota Grown lists local farms that sell whole and partial animals to consumers. Use their keyword search with terms such as "whole beef" or "whole lamb" to find sources near you. Many of these producers can be found at local farmers markets.

Your butcher will let you know how many cuts to expect from the live weight of the animal. The Minnesota Department of Agriculture listscustom exempt plants that may process meat and poultry for the owner of the animal.

Commercial and wholesale producers may find helpful the MDA'sMinnesota State "equal to"plantsand resources for meat, poultry and egg inspections.

The following charts can help you make sense of the bulk meat buying process.

Buying a quarter of beef

A typical quarter of beef from a cow with a live weight of 1300 pounds should provide you with about 142 pounds of meat.

Typical cuts from1/4 cow

  • 7 ribeye steaks
  • 6 T-bone steaks
  • 3 sirloin steaks
  • 3 sirloin tip steaks
  • 3 round steaks
  • 6 roasts
  • 35 to 60 pounds of ground beef

Freezer space

You'll need at least 4.5 cubic feet of space in a chest freezer or 5.5 cubic feet of space in an upright freezer for 142 pounds of beef.

Cost

For a quarter of beef, the cost of the whole animal is divided by 4. Each buyer is responsible for their share of the cost of processing.

Buying half a hog

A typical half a hog with a live weight of 250 to 270 pounds should give you 60 to 70 pounds of pork.

Typical cutsfrom1/2hog

  • 12 to 14 pounds of pork chops
  • 3 4-pound shoulder roasts
  • 3 pounds of spare ribs
  • 8-10 pounds of bacon
  • 15-18 pounds of ham
  • 2hocks
  • 6 to 10 pounds of ground pork or sausage
  • Additional products: heart, liver, tongue, fat and lard

Freezer space

50 pounds of pork can fit in an empty, average-size home freezer with 2.25cubic feet of space.

Cost

The cost of the whole animal is divided by 2. Each buyer is responsible for their share of the cost of processing.

Buying a whole lamb

A typical market lamb with a live weight of 140 pounds should give you 47 pounds of meat.

Typical cutsfrom a whole lamb

  • 8 8-ounce shoulder chops
  • 16 4-ouncerib chops or 2 2-pound crown roasts
  • 14 6-ounce loin chops
  • 4 1-pound shanks
  • 2 2-pound sides of ribs
  • 10 to 12 pounds of ground lamb
  • 15 pounds of boneless leg for kebabs, stew meat, roast or ground lamb

Freezer space

47 pounds of lambneeds2.25cubic feet of space in anaverage-size home freezer.

Cost

The cost of the whole animal plus the cost of processing.

Buying a whole goat

A typical market lamb with a live weight of 80 pounds should give you 33 to 38 pounds of meat.

Typical cutsfrom a whole goat

  • 6 to 7 pounds neck and shoulder
  • 6 to 7 pounds foreleg
  • 7 to 8 pounds rack and loin
  • 4 pounds of ribs
  • 10 to 12 pounds hindleg

Freezer space

33 to 38 pounds of bone-in meat or 20 to 22 pounds of boneless meatneeds2cubic feet of space in anaverage-size home freezer.

Cost

The cost of the whole animal plus the cost of processing.

Buying whole chickens

A typical broiler chickenwith a live weight of 6pounds should give you 4.5 to 5pounds of meat.

Typical cutsfrom a whole chicken

  • Neck; roastor usefor stock
  • 2 wings; white meat
  • 2 breasts; white meat
  • 2 thighs; dark meat
  • 2 legs; dark meat
  • 2 feet; roast or use for stock
  • Giblets: heart, gizzard and liver often included with whole birds

Freezer space

  • 2 whole chickens averaging 4.5 to 5 pounds of meat per carcass need 1cubic footof space in anaverage-size home freezer.
  • 30 whole chickensat the same above weight can fill about 15 cubic feet of freezer space.

Cost

The cost of the whole chicken plus the cost of processing. Processing costs may be included in the price of birds sold custom or retail.

Chart designs: Hannah Lochner, CFANS graduate student

Beef and Pork Whole Animal Meat Buying Guide, Iowa State University

Sheep chart information by Travis Hoffman, Extension sheep specialist

Goat chart information adapted by Travis Hoffman from materials by McMillin and Pinkerton (2008), and Dugas and McMillin (2019).

Reviewed in 2020

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Buying animals for meat processing (2024)

FAQs

What is the most efficient animal to raise for meat? ›

First on our list of meat to raise at home are chickens. They're considered the “gateway” animal because they're fairly easy to raise, take up very little space, and can be raised in about 8-12 weeks. Raising 60-70 chickens will give you approximately 400 pounds of meat.

What should you consider when purchasing meat? ›

When purchasing meat and poultry, it's important to use your senses of touch, smell and sight. Always make sure the meat is firm to the touch, and check that they packaging doesn't have any tears, holes or excessive amounts of liquid. It should also be cold to the touch and have no odor.

What is it called when you buy a cow for meat? ›

One popular way to buy beef in bulk is to purchase a whole, half or quarter of a cow (technically, it's probably a steer) directly from a farmer. This is also called “freezer beef” because it will fill your freezer and you'll always have high quality meat on hand!

Is it cost effective to raise your own meat? ›

Is it even worth raising your own meat? Yes, it is absolutely cheaper and worth the time and effort to do so! Learn how you can raise your own beef while making the most of the resources you have.

What is the cheapest meat animal to raise? ›

One of the most common and easiest farm animals to raise for profit all around the world are chickens,because these animals are a great source of eggs and meat. They also are considered to be one of the cheapest farm animals to raise because they require very little to no maintenance.

What animal has the highest slaughter rate? ›

It's easy to see that chickens are by far the most slaughtered land animal, followed by pigs, sheep, and cows.

How much of a cow is wasted when butchered? ›

As a general rule, most cattle will have an average dressing percentage of 63 percent. This means that a beef animal weighing 1,000 lbs will result in a carcass that weighs only 630 lbs after slaughter. Although the average dressing percentage for beef is 63 percent, several factors may affect the carcass weight.

Do they squeeze cows before slaughter? ›

Cattle chutes gently restrain the animal using a squeeze mechanism. The chute is connected to an alley, forming the animals into a queue that only allows them to go forward. Cattle tubs or a BudBox can also be used to help with animal flow and maintain low-stress cattle handling principles.

What is a 1200 lb steer worth? ›

Based on the 2019 budget, slaughter cows (1,200 pounds) are expected to average $50 per hundredweight, while 550 pounds steers and 520 heifers are expected to average $145 and $130 per hundredweight respectively.

How long do you have to raise a cow before slaughter? ›

Slaughter steers, heifers, and cows 30 to 42 months of age possessing the minimum qualifications for Choice have a fat covering over the crops, back, loin, rump, and ribs that tends to be moderately thick. The brisket, flanks, and cod or udder show a marked fullness and the muscling is firm.

Can I raise a cow in my backyard? ›

Raising a couple cattle can feed your family and then some for the year. You don't even need a lot of land to do it—as a rule of thumb, you can keep one cow-calf pair per every 2 acres of pasture for 12 months.

What is the easiest red meat to raise? ›

Cattle. Beef cattle are also some of the best farm animals to raise, thanks to their hardiness. They may be big, but they're quite low-maintenance. Raising even a few heads can already stock up your freezer with quality steaks and choice roasts.

Which animals are most efficient at converting feed to meat? ›

By this measure, fed aquaculture and chickens are similarly efficient at converting feed into animal biomass, and both are more efficient compared to pigs and cattle.

What is the most economical meat production? ›

A pair of adult rabbits can produce between 1 to 12 bunnies monthly. Their rapid reproduction rate makes them ideal for starting farmers with limited budgets. Few people know it, but rabbit meat is a great alternative for red meats like beef or pork.

Which is the least efficient livestock to produce meat? ›

For example, cows are far more inefficient than chickens in terms of feed ratios. Unfortunately, (spoiler alert) chickens are still very inefficient in that they consume more than twice as many calories and protein than they produce. This is an example of the importance of language.

What is the most energy efficient livestock? ›

Final answer: Swine are generally the most efficient livestock in terms of energy and protein conversion efficiencies when compared to cattle, goats, or lambs, as indicated by their higher Net Protein Energy (NPE) and lower energy input requirements.

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